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lasing transition

См. также в других словарях:

  • Maser — For other uses, see Maser (disambiguation). A hydrogen radio frequency discharge, the first element inside a hydrogen maser (see description below) A maser is a device that produces coherent electromagnetic waves through amplification by… …   Wikipedia

  • Laser — For other uses, see Laser (disambiguation). United States Air Force laser experiment …   Wikipedia

  • Liquid crystal — Schlieren texture of liquid crystal nematic phase Liquid crystals (LCs) are a state of matter that have properties between those of a conventional liquid and those of a solid crystal.[1] For instance, an LC may flow like a liquid, but its… …   Wikipedia

  • Laser diode — Top: a packaged laser diode shown with a penny for scale. Bottom: the laser diode chip is removed from the above package and placed on the eye of a needle for scale …   Wikipedia

  • Nitrogen laser — A 337nm wavelength and 170 µJ pulse energy 20 Hz cartridge nitrogen laser A nitrogen laser is a gas laser operating in the ultraviolet range[1] (typically 337.1 nm) using molecular nitrogen as its gain medium, pumped by an electrical… …   Wikipedia

  • Samarium — promethium ← samarium → europium ↑ Sm ↓ …   Wikipedia

  • Population inversion — In physics, specifically statistical mechanics, a population inversion occurs when a system (such as a group of atoms or molecules) exists in state with more members in an excited state than in lower energy states. The concept is of fundamental… …   Wikipedia

  • Mathematics and Physical Sciences — ▪ 2003 Introduction Mathematics       Mathematics in 2002 was marked by two discoveries in number theory. The first may have practical implications; the second satisfied a 150 year old curiosity.       Computer scientist Manindra Agrawal of the… …   Universalium

  • Q-switching — Q switching, sometimes known as giant pulse formation, is a technique by which a laser can be made to produce a pulsed output beam. The technique allows the production of light pulses with extremely high (gigawatt) peak power, much higher than… …   Wikipedia

  • Astrophysical maser — An astrophysical maser is a naturally occurring source of stimulated spectral line emission, typically in the microwave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. This emission may arise in molecular clouds, comets, planetary atmospheres, stellar… …   Wikipedia

  • optical ceramics — Introduction       advanced industrial materials developed for use in optical applications.       Optical materials derive their utility from their response to infrared, optical, and ultraviolet light. The most obvious optical materials are… …   Universalium

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